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Wu Shangxian (吴尚先)
Wu Shangxian (1806-1886 A.D.) - Wu specialized in the development of low cost treatments so that poor people could get medical care at a time when medical costs were rising rapidly. The focus of his efforts were on inexpensive topical therapies, including ointments, plasters, and moxibustion.
Wang Qingren (王清任)
Wang Qingren is famous in two areas of medicine. First, he promoted the importance of accurately understanding anatomy in order to diagnose and treat disease. Disection and surgery had been all but ignored since the time of Hua Tuo and traditional Chinese doctors had relied on a projected idea of the internal organs. Wang said that "attempting healing without knowing the internal organs is is like a blind man walking in the dark." He also strongly promoted the idea that many diseases were due to blood stasis and by activating blood circulation and clearing away the static blood, one could...
Zhang Jingyue(张景岳)
Zhang Jingyue (1583-1640 A.D.) - Zhang was a prolific writer and produced works on pulse diagnosis, gynecology, pediatrics, surgery, and an analysis of the Huangdi Neijing, called the Lei Jing, which won him great fame.
Wu Youxing (吴又性)
Wu Youxing (1582-1652 A.D.) -- Wu developed the concept that some diseases were caused by transmissable agents, which he called liqi (pestilential factors). His book Wenyi Lun (Treatise on Acute Epidemic Febrile Diseases) can be regarded as the main etiological work that brought forward the concept, ultimately attributed to Westerners, of germs as a cause of epidemic diseases.
Zhu Danxi (朱丹溪)
Zhu Danxi (also known as Zhu Zhenheng; 1280-1358 A.D.)- Zhu believed that people suffered from chronic disease mainly due to overindulgence in pleasurable things and activities, resulting in debility of the yin essence. He therefore recommended temperence and use of tonic formulas, especially those that nourished the kidney and liver.
Wang Kentang(王肯堂)
Wang Kentang (1549-1613 A.D.) - Wang was a court official who later became a physician. He collected information about medicine and produced the Liuke Zhengzhi Zhunsheng (Standards of Diagnosis and Treatment of Six Branches of Medicine) published in 1602 A.D.; it became the most widely used medical book of the 17th century.
Zhang Zihe (张子和)
Zhang Zihe(1156-1228 A.D.) - Zhang is known as the developer of the "attacking school" of Chinese medicine, emphasizing the use of diaphoretics, emetics, and purgatives to attack the pathogen and drive it out of the body. This was actually a revival of the early Han Dynasty technqiues that were based on driving out demons.
Liu Wansu(刘完素)
Liu Wansu observed the high frequency of fever and inflammation in serious diseases and promoted the idea of using herbs of cooling nature to treat these conditions. This was a step in the opposite direction of many of his predecessors, who focused on using warming herbs. This work had much influence on the later concept of "wen bing" or epidemic febrile diseases, which corresponded to (and preceeded) the Western concept of contageous disease. He also undertook a detailed study of the Nei Ching Su Wen [Nei Jing Su Wen], describing the etiology of disease in relation to the teachings of that...
Li Dongyuan(李东垣)
Li Dongyuan,(also known as Li Gao; 1180-1252 A.D.) - Li is best known for his thesis that most diseases were due to injury to the stomach/spleen system, which occured as the result of intemperance in eating and drinking, overwork, and the seven emotions. His well-known book Pi Wei Lun (Treatise on the Stomach and Spleen) presented one of the most widely used traditional formulas: Ginseng and Astragalus Combination (Buzhong Yiqi Tang).
Wang Tao (王焘)
Wang Tao (ca 702-772 A.D.) - He is famous for writing the book Waitai Miyao (Medical Secrets of an Official), published in 752 A.D. He provided a comprehensive description of medical problems, covering more than 1,000 categories, and discussed over 6,000 herbal prescriptions.